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ATF-C++-API(3)             Library Functions Manual             ATF-C++-API(3)

NAME
     atf-c++-api, ATF_ADD_TEST_CASE, ATF_CHECK_ERRNO, ATF_FAIL,
     ATF_INIT_TEST_CASES, ATF_PASS, ATF_REQUIRE, ATF_REQUIRE_EQ,
     ATF_REQUIRE_ERRNO, ATF_REQUIRE_IN, ATF_REQUIRE_MATCH, ATF_REQUIRE_NOT_IN,
     ATF_REQUIRE_THROW, ATF_REQUIRE_THROW_RE, ATF_SKIP, ATF_TEST_CASE,
     ATF_TEST_CASE_BODY, ATF_TEST_CASE_CLEANUP, ATF_TEST_CASE_HEAD,
     ATF_TEST_CASE_NAME, ATF_TEST_CASE_USE, ATF_TEST_CASE_WITH_CLEANUP,
     ATF_TEST_CASE_WITHOUT_HEAD, atf::utils::cat_file,
     atf::utils::compare_file, atf::utils::copy_file, atf::utils::create_file,
     atf::utils::file_exists, atf::utils::fork, atf::utils::grep_collection,
     atf::utils::grep_file, atf::utils::grep_string, atf::utils::redirect,
     atf::utils::wait - C++ API to write ATF-based test programs

SYNOPSIS
     #include <atf-c++.hpp>

     ATF_ADD_TEST_CASE(tcs, name);

     ATF_CHECK_ERRNO(exp_errno, bool_expression);

     ATF_FAIL(reason);

     ATF_INIT_TEST_CASES(tcs);

     ATF_PASS();

     ATF_REQUIRE(expression);

     ATF_REQUIRE_EQ(expression_1, expression_2);

     ATF_REQUIRE_ERRNO(exp_errno, bool_expression);

     ATF_REQUIRE_IN(element, collection);

     ATF_REQUIRE_MATCH(regexp, string_expression);

     ATF_REQUIRE_NOT_IN(element, collection);

     ATF_REQUIRE_THROW(expected_exception, statement);

     ATF_REQUIRE_THROW_RE(expected_exception, regexp, statement);

     ATF_SKIP(reason);

     ATF_TEST_CASE(name);

     ATF_TEST_CASE_BODY(name);

     ATF_TEST_CASE_CLEANUP(name);

     ATF_TEST_CASE_HEAD(name);

     ATF_TEST_CASE_NAME(name);

     ATF_TEST_CASE_USE(name);

     ATF_TEST_CASE_WITH_CLEANUP(name);

     ATF_TEST_CASE_WITHOUT_HEAD(name);

     void
     atf::utils::cat_file(const std::string& path, const std::string& prefix);

     bool
     atf::utils::compare_file(const std::string& path,
         const std::string& contents);

     void
     atf::utils::copy_file(const std::string& source,
         const std::string& destination);

     void
     atf::utils::create_file(const std::string& path,
         const std::string& contents);

     void
     atf::utils::file_exists(const std::string& path);

     pid_t
     atf::utils::fork(void);

     bool
     atf::utils::grep_collection(const std::string& regexp,
         const Collection& collection);

     bool
     atf::utils::grep_file(const std::string& regexp,
         const std::string& path);

     bool
     atf::utils::grep_string(const std::string& regexp,
         const std::string& path);

     void
     atf::utils::redirect(const int fd, const std::string& path);

     void
     atf::utils::wait(const pid_t pid, const int expected_exit_status,
         const std::string& expected_stdout,
         const std::string& expected_stderr);

DESCRIPTION
     ATF provides a C++ programming interface to implement test programs.
     C++-based test programs follow this template:

           extern "C" {
           ... C-specific includes go here ...
           }

           ... C++-specific includes go here ...

           #include <atf-c++.hpp>

           ATF_TEST_CASE(tc1);
           ATF_TEST_CASE_HEAD(tc1)
           {
               ... first test case's header ...
           }
           ATF_TEST_CASE_BODY(tc1)
           {
               ... first test case's body ...
           }

           ATF_TEST_CASE_WITH_CLEANUP(tc2);
           ATF_TEST_CASE_HEAD(tc2)
           {
               ... second test case's header ...
           }
           ATF_TEST_CASE_BODY(tc2)
           {
               ... second test case's body ...
           }
           ATF_TEST_CASE_CLEANUP(tc2)
           {
               ... second test case's cleanup ...
           }

           ATF_TEST_CASE(tc3);
           ATF_TEST_CASE_BODY(tc3)
           {
               ... third test case's body ...
           }

           ... additional test cases ...

           ATF_INIT_TEST_CASES(tcs)
           {
               ATF_ADD_TEST_CASE(tcs, tc1);
               ATF_ADD_TEST_CASE(tcs, tc2);
               ATF_ADD_TEST_CASE(tcs, tc3);
               ... add additional test cases ...
           }

   Definition of test cases
     Test cases have an identifier and are composed of three different parts:
     the header, the body and an optional cleanup routine, all of which are
     described in atf-test-case(4).  To define test cases, one can use the
     ATF_TEST_CASE(), ATF_TEST_CASE_WITH_CLEANUP() or the
     ATF_TEST_CASE_WITHOUT_HEAD() macros, which take a single parameter
     specifiying the test case's name.  ATF_TEST_CASE(), requires to define a
     head and a body for the test case, ATF_TEST_CASE_WITH_CLEANUP() requires
     to define a head, a body and a cleanup for the test case and
     ATF_TEST_CASE_WITHOUT_HEAD() requires only a body for the test case.  It
     is important to note that these do not set the test case up for execution
     when the program is run.  In order to do so, a later registration is
     needed through the ATF_ADD_TEST_CASE() macro detailed in Program
     initialization.

     Later on, one must define the three parts of the body by means of three
     functions.  Their headers are given by the ATF_TEST_CASE_HEAD(),
     ATF_TEST_CASE_BODY() and ATF_TEST_CASE_CLEANUP() macros, all of which
     take the test case's name.  Following each of these, a block of code is
     expected, surrounded by the opening and closing brackets.

     Additionally, the ATF_TEST_CASE_NAME() macro can be used to obtain the
     name of the class corresponding to a particular test case, as the name is
     internally manged by the library to prevent clashes with other user
     identifiers.  Similarly, the ATF_TEST_CASE_USE() macro can be executed on
     a particular test case to mark it as "used" and thus prevent compiler
     warnings regarding unused symbols.  Note that you should never have to
     use these macros during regular operation.

   Program initialization
     The library provides a way to easily define the test program's main()
     function.  You should never define one on your own, but rely on the
     library to do it for you.  This is done by using the
     ATF_INIT_TEST_CASES() macro, which is passed the name of the list that
     will hold the test cases.  This name can be whatever you want as long as
     it is a valid variable value.

     After the macro, you are supposed to provide the body of a function,
     which should only use the ATF_ADD_TEST_CASE() macro to register the test
     cases the test program will execute.  The first parameter of this macro
     matches the name you provided in the former call.

   Header definitions
     The test case's header can define the meta-data by using the set_md_var()
     method, which takes two parameters: the first one specifies the meta-data
     variable to be set and the second one specifies its value.  Both of them
     are strings.

   Configuration variables
     The test case has read-only access to the current configuration variables
     by means of the bool has_config_var() and the std::string
     get_config_var() methods, which can be called in any of the three parts
     of a test case.

   Access to the source directory
     It is possible to get the path to the test case's source directory from
     any of its three components by querying the `srcdir' configuration
     variable.

   Requiring programs
     Aside from the require.progs meta-data variable available in the header
     only, one can also check for additional programs in the test case's body
     by using the require_prog() function, which takes the base name or full
     path of a single binary.  Relative paths are forbidden.  If it is not
     found, the test case will be automatically skipped.

   Test case finalization
     The test case finalizes either when the body reaches its end, at which
     point the test is assumed to have passed, or at any explicit call to
     ATF_PASS(), ATF_FAIL() or ATF_SKIP().  These three macros terminate the
     execution of the test case immediately.  The cleanup routine will be
     processed afterwards in a completely automated way, regardless of the
     test case's termination reason.

     ATF_PASS() does not take any parameters.  ATF_FAIL() and ATF_SKIP() take
     a single string that describes why the test case failed or was skipped,
     respectively.  It is very important to provide a clear error message in
     both cases so that the user can quickly know why the test did not pass.

   Expectations
     Everything explained in the previous section changes when the test case
     expectations are redefined by the programmer.

     Each test case has an internal state called `expect' that describes what
     the test case expectations are at any point in time.  The value of this
     property can change during execution by any of:

     expect_death(reason)
             Expects the test case to exit prematurely regardless of the
             nature of the exit.

     expect_exit(exitcode, reason)
             Expects the test case to exit cleanly.  If exitcode is not `-1',
             atf-run(1) will validate that the exit code of the test case
             matches the one provided in this call.  Otherwise, the exact
             value will be ignored.

     expect_fail(reason)
             Any failure (be it fatal or non-fatal) raised in this mode is
             recorded.  However, such failures do not report the test case as
             failed; instead, the test case finalizes cleanly and is reported
             as `expected failure'; this report includes the provided reason
             as part of it.  If no error is raised while running in this mode,
             then the test case is reported as `failed'.

             This mode is useful to reproduce actual known bugs in tests.
             Whenever the developer fixes the bug later on, the test case will
             start reporting a failure, signaling the developer that the test
             case must be adjusted to the new conditions.  In this situation,
             it is useful, for example, to set reason as the bug number for
             tracking purposes.

     expect_pass()
             This is the normal mode of execution.  In this mode, any failure
             is reported as such to the user and the test case is marked as
             `failed'.

     expect_race(reason)
             Any failure or timeout during the execution of the test case will
             be considered as if a race condition has been triggered and
             reported as such.  If no problems arise, the test will continue
             execution as usual.

     expect_signal(signo, reason)
             Expects the test case to terminate due to the reception of a
             signal.  If signo is not `-1', atf-run(1) will validate that the
             signal that terminated the test case matches the one provided in
             this call.  Otherwise, the exact value will be ignored.

     expect_timeout(reason)
             Expects the test case to execute for longer than its timeout.

   Helper macros for common checks
     The library provides several macros that are very handy in multiple
     situations.  These basically check some condition after executing a given
     statement or processing a given expression and, if the condition is not
     met, they automatically call ATF_FAIL() with an appropriate error
     message.

     ATF_REQUIRE() takes an expression and raises a failure if it evaluates to
     false.

     ATF_REQUIRE_EQ() takes two expressions and raises a failure if the two do
     not evaluate to the same exact value.

     ATF_REQUIRE_IN() takes an element and a collection and validates that the
     element is present in the collection.

     ATF_REQUIRE_MATCH() takes a regular expression and a string and raises a
     failure if the regular expression does not match the string.

     ATF_REQUIRE_NOT_IN() takes an element and a collection and validates that
     the element is not present in the collection.

     ATF_REQUIRE_THROW() takes the name of an exception and a statement and
     raises a failure if the statement does not throw the specified exception.
     ATF_REQUIRE_THROW_RE() takes the name of an exception, a regular
     expresion and a statement and raises a failure if the statement does not
     throw the specified exception and if the message of the exception does
     not match the regular expression.

     ATF_CHECK_ERRNO() and ATF_REQUIRE_ERRNO() take, first, the error code
     that the check is expecting to find in the errno variable and, second, a
     boolean expression that, if evaluates to true, means that a call failed
     and errno has to be checked against the first value.

   Utility functions
     The following functions are provided as part of the atf-c++-api API to
     simplify the creation of a variety of tests.  In particular, these are
     useful to write tests for command-line interfaces.

     void atf::utils::cat_file(const std::string& path,
     const std::string& prefix)

           Prints the contents of path to the standard output, prefixing every
           line with the string in prefix.

     bool atf::utils::compare_file(const std::string& path,
     const std::string& contents)

           Returns true if the given path matches exactly the expected inlined
           contents.

     void atf::utils::copy_file(const std::string& source,
     const std::string& destination)

           Copies the file source to destination.  The permissions of the file
           are preserved during the code.

     void atf::utils::create_file(const std::string& path,
     const std::string& contents)

           Creates file with the text given in contents.

     void atf::utils::file_exists(const std::string& path)

           Checks if path exists.

     pid_t atf::utils::fork(void)

           Forks a process and redirects the standard output and standard
           error of the child to files for later validation with
           atf::utils::wait().  Fails the test case if the fork fails, so this
           does not return an error.

     bool atf::utils::grep_collection(const std::string& regexp,
     const Collection& collection)

           Searches for the regular expression regexp in any of the strings
           contained in the collection.  This is a template that accepts any
           one-dimensional container of strings.

     bool atf::utils::grep_file(const std::string& regexp,
     const std::string& path)

           Searches for the regular expression regexp in the file path.  The
           variable arguments are used to construct the regular expression.

     bool atf::utils::grep_string(const std::string& regexp,
     const std::string& str)

           Searches for the regular expression regexp in the string str.
     void atf::utils::redirect(const int fd, const std::string& path)

           Redirects the given file descriptor fd to the file path.  This
           function exits the process in case of an error and does not
           properly mark the test case as failed.  As a result, it should only
           be used in subprocesses of the test case; specially those spawned
           by atf::utils::fork().

     void atf::utils::wait(const pid_t pid, const int expected_exit_status,
     const std::string& expected_stdout, const std::string& expected_stderr)

           Waits and validates the result of a subprocess spawned with
           atf::utils::wait().  The validation involves checking that the
           subprocess exited cleanly and returned the code specified in
           expected_exit_status and that its standard output and standard
           error match the strings given in expected_stdout and
           expected_stderr.

           If any of the expected_stdout or expected_stderr strings are
           prefixed with `save:', then they specify the name of the file into
           which to store the stdout or stderr of the subprocess, and no
           comparison is performed.

EXAMPLES
     The following shows a complete test program with a single test case that
     validates the addition operator:

           #include <atf-c++.hpp>

           ATF_TEST_CASE(addition);
           ATF_TEST_CASE_HEAD(addition)
           {
               set_md_var("descr", "Sample tests for the addition operator");
           }
           ATF_TEST_CASE_BODY(addition)
           {
               ATF_REQUIRE_EQ(0 + 0, 0);
               ATF_REQUIRE_EQ(0 + 1, 1);
               ATF_REQUIRE_EQ(1 + 0, 1);

               ATF_REQUIRE_EQ(1 + 1, 2);

               ATF_REQUIRE_EQ(100 + 200, 300);
           }

           ATF_TEST_CASE(open_failure);
           ATF_TEST_CASE_HEAD(open_failure)
           {
               set_md_var("descr", "Sample tests for the open function");
           }
           ATF_TEST_CASE_BODY(open_failure)
           {
               ATF_REQUIRE_ERRNO(ENOENT, open("non-existent", O_RDONLY) == -1);
           }

           ATF_TEST_CASE(known_bug);
           ATF_TEST_CASE_HEAD(known_bug)
           {
               set_md_var("descr", "Reproduces a known bug");
           }
           ATF_TEST_CASE_BODY(known_bug)
           {
               expect_fail("See bug number foo/bar");
               ATF_REQUIRE_EQ(3, 1 + 1);
               expect_pass();
               ATF_REQUIRE_EQ(3, 1 + 2);
           }

           ATF_INIT_TEST_CASES(tcs)
           {
               ATF_ADD_TEST_CASE(tcs, addition);
               ATF_ADD_TEST_CASE(tcs, open_failure);
               ATF_ADD_TEST_CASE(tcs, known_bug);
           }

SEE ALSO
     atf-test-program(1), atf-test-case(4), atf(7)

NetBSD 10.99                   November 15, 2013                  NetBSD 10.99