Updated: 2022/Sep/29
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IPFTEST(1) General Commands Manual IPFTEST(1)
NAME
ipftest - test packet filter rules with arbitrary input.
SYNOPSIS
ipftest [ -6bCdDoRvx ] [ -F input-format ] [ -i <filename> ] [ -I
interface ] [ -l <filename> ] [ -N <filename> ] [ -P <filename> ] [ -r
<filename> ] [ -S <ip_address> ] [ -T <optionlist> ]
DESCRIPTION
ipftest is provided for the purpose of being able to test a set of
filter rules without having to put them in place, in operation and
proceed to test their effectiveness. The hope is that this minimises
disruptions in providing a secure IP environment.
ipftest will parse any standard ruleset for use with ipf, ipnat and/or
ippool and apply input, returning output as to the result. However,
ipftest will return one of three values for packets passed through the
filter: pass, block or nomatch. This is intended to give the operator
a better idea of what is happening with packets passing through their
filter ruleset.
At least one of -N, -P or -r must be specified.
OPTIONS
-6 Use IPv6.
-b Cause the output to be a brief summary (one-word) of the result
of passing the packet through the filter; either "pass", "block"
or "nomatch". This is used in the regression testing.
-C Force the checksums to be (re)calculated for all packets being
input into ipftest. This may be necessary if pcap files from
tcpdump are being fed in where there are partial checksums
present due to hardware offloading.
-d Turn on filter rule debugging. Currently, this only shows you
what caused the rule to not match in the IP header checking
(addresses/netmasks, etc).
-D Dump internal tables before exiting. This excludes log
messages.
-F This option is used to select which input format the input file
is in. The following formats are available: etherfind, hex,
pcap, snoop, tcpdump,text.
etherfind
The input file is to be text output from etherfind. The
text formats which are currently supported are those
which result from the following etherfind option
combinations:
etherfind -n
etherfind -n -t
hex The input file is to be hex digits, representing the
binary makeup of the packet. No length correction is
made, if an incorrect length is put in the IP header. A
packet may be broken up over several lines of hex digits,
a blank line indicating the end of the packet. It is
possible to specify both the interface name and direction
of the packet (for filtering purposes) at the start of
the line using this format: [direction,interface] To
define a packet going in on le0, we would use [in,le0] -
the []'s are required and part of the input syntax.
pcap The input file specified by -i is a binary file produced
using libpcap (i.e., tcpdump version 3). Packets are
read from this file as being input (for rule purposes).
An interface maybe specified using -I.
snoop The input file is to be in "snoop" format (see RFC 1761).
Packets are read from this file and used as input from
any interface. This is perhaps the most useful input
type, currently.
tcpdump
The input file is to be text output from tcpdump. The
text formats which are currently supported are those
which result from the following tcpdump option
combinations:
tcpdump -n
tcpdump -nq
tcpdump -nqt
tcpdump -nqtt
tcpdump -nqte
text The input file is in ipftest text input format. This is
the default if no -F argument is specified. The format
used is as follows:
"in"|"out" "on" if ["tcp"|"udp"|"icmp"]
srchost[,srcport] dsthost[,destport] [FSRPAU]
This allows for a packet going "in" or "out" of an interface
(if) to be generated, being one of the three main protocols
(optionally), and if either TCP or UDP, a port parameter is also
expected. If TCP is selected, it is possible to (optionally)
supply TCP flags at the end. Some examples are:
# a UDP packet coming in on le0
in on le0 udp 10.1.1.1,2210 10.2.1.5,23
# an IP packet coming in on le0 from localhost - hmm :)
in on le0 localhost 10.4.12.1
# a TCP packet going out of le0 with the SYN flag set.
out on le0 tcp 10.4.12.1,2245 10.1.1.1,23 S
-i <filename>
Specify the filename from which to take input. Default is
stdin.
-I <interface>
Set the interface name (used in rule matching) to be the name
supplied. This is useful where it is not otherwise possible to
associate a packet with an interface. Normal "text packets" can
override this setting.
-l <filename>
Dump log messages generated during testing to the specified
file.
-N <filename>
Specify the filename from which to read NAT rules in ipnat(5)
format.
-o Save output packets that would have been written to each
interface in a file /tmp/interface_name in raw format.
-P <filename>
Read IP pool configuration information in ippool(5) format from
the specified file.
-r <filename>
Specify the filename from which to read filter rules in ipf(5)
format.
-R Don't attempt to convert IP addresses to hostnames.
-S <ip_address>
The IP address specifived with this option is used by ipftest to
determine whether a packet should be treated as "input" or
"output". If the source address in an IP packet matches then it
is considered to be inbound. If it does not match then it is
considered to be outbound. This is primarily for use with
tcpdump (pcap) files where there is no in/out information saved
with each packet.
-T <optionlist>
This option simulates the run-time changing of IPFilter kernel
variables available with the -T option of ipf. The optionlist
parameter is a comma separated list of tuning commands. A
tuning command is either "list" (retrieve a list of all
variables in the kernel, their maximum, minimum and current
value), a single variable name (retrieve its current value) and
a variable name with a following assignment to set a new value.
See ipf(8) for examples.
-v Verbose mode. This provides more information about which parts
of rule matching the input packet passes and fails.
-x Print a hex dump of each packet before printing the decoded
contents.
SEE ALSO
ipf(5), ipf(8), snoop(1m), tcpdump(8), etherfind(8c)
BUGS
Not all of the input formats are sufficiently capable of introducing a
wide enough variety of packets for them to be all useful in testing.
IPFTEST(1)